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Obstetrics and Gynaecology
Gynaecology is a branch of medicine concerned with the physiology and, above all, disorders affecting the female reproductive system.
It also covers reproductive health issues and assisted reproduction. Obstetrics, on the other hand, focuses on the care of women during pregnancy, labour, childbirth and the postpartum period.
Dr. Eva Martinotti Gabellotti
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Obstetric and Gynaecological Examination
A gynaecological examination involves an assessment of the female reproductive system, including the external and internal genital organs.
During the gynaecological examination, the patient lies on the examination table with her legs apart. The doctor visually examines the vulva and inserts a small disposable plastic speculum into the vagina, allowing the cervix to be examined and a Pap test to be performed.
After removing the speculum, the doctor performs a vaginal examination, using a finger to assess the uterus and ovaries.
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Ultrasound
A gynaecological examination may be complemented by a transvaginal ultrasound to investigate the presence or suspected presence of conditions such as fibroids, endometrial polyps or ovarian cysts.
The examination and ultrasound are not painful. If the doctor notices muscle tension, the patient will be encouraged to relax, which can help make the examination more comfortable and effective.
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Pap test
The Papanicolaou test, or Pap test, is a cytological examination used to detect changes in the cells of the cervix.
The Pap test is a screening test whose primary purpose is to identify women at risk of developing cervical cancer. It can also provide useful information about hormonal changes and help detect bacterial, viral or fungal infections.